#Preventive 20. Oct 2020

Peri-implant diseases: Risk indicators and preventive measure

Peri-implant complications can lead to implant loss. Get to know them to prevent them.

Giovanni E. Salvi

Definitions

Peri-implant health and peri-implant diseases were recently defined at the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions¹.

Peri-implant health

Peri-implant health was characterized at the clinical level by the absence of signs of soft tissue inflammation, e.g. absence of bleeding on gentle probing (BoP) and suppuration¹.

Peri-implant mucositis

Peri-implant mucositis was defined as presence of BoP and/or suppuration with or without increased probing depth compared to previous examinations in conjunction with the absence of bone loss beyond crestal bone level changes resulting from initial bone remodelling⁵. Visual signs of inflammation may vary and peri-implant mucositis may be diagnosed around implants with variable levels of bone support.

Prevalence of peri-implant diseases

The prevalence of peri-implant diseases has been widely investigated. Outcomes of a systematic review reported a weighted mean prevalence of peri-implant mucositis of 43 % (range: 19 - 65 %) and peri-implantitis of 22 % (range: 1-47 %)¹⁰. Results from cross-sectional studies indicated that the frequency of peri-implantitis ranges between 13 and 26 %². However, based on the wide range of reported prevalences reflecting the high heterogeneity of the applied clinical and radiographic thresholds for disease definition, an adequate estimate of peri-implant diseases seems difficult¹⁰.

Risk indicators for peri-implant deseases

A number of risk indicators have been identified that may lead to the establishment and progression of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.
The following risk indicators and their corresponding preventive measures are presented.

Risk factors and preventive measures
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References

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